Scheduling External Trucks Appointments in Container Terminals to Minimize Cost and Truck Turnaround Times

Background: Scheduling the arrival of external trucks in container terminals is a critical operational decision that faces both terminal managers and trucking companies. This issue crucial for stakeholders since random causes congestion extended delays trucks. The objective scheduling truck appointments not only to control workload inside costs resulting from excessive waiting times but also, reduce turnaround time. Methods: A binary programming model was proposed minimize time cost, demurrage delivery cost. Moreover, sensitivity analysis performed compare various scenarios terms cost study what extent level affected. mathematical solved using Gurobi© 8.1.0 software. Results: 30 instances found literature were evaluated function value (i.e., cost) before after controlling new constraint. Conclusions: obtained results showed better distribution workload, as well lower reduces total